From here Broadway is the continuation of George Street turning westwards, leading to the western suburbs as Parramatta Road.

Captain Arthur Phillip placed the convicts and marines on the rocky western slopes of the bay.

A track leading from the convicts' encampment in the area of The Rocks, past the marine barracks and alongside the banks of a stream to a brick pit, located near to the present location of Central station with some arguing that it follows paths and tracks already created by the local Aboriginal people.

Until 1810 George Street was generally referred to as High Street in the English custom, although the northern part of the thoroughfare was also sometimes referred to as "Sergeant Major's Row" and, earlier, as "Spring Row" (since water carriers had originally established the route as a link between the Tank Stream, the Military encampment and the hospital).

[3] In 1937, Frank Jenner committed to telling ten different people on George Street about Christianity every day thenceforward.

From 2019 to 2022, the majority of George Street between Bridge St (near Circular Quay) and Rawson Place (near Central Station) was progressively converted into a pedestrian mall.

In response to increasing bus congestion in the CBD, on 13 December 2012, the NSW Government announced a commitment to build a light rail from Circular Quay down George Street to Central station before continuing east to Kensington and Randwick.

[16] Works to convert the southern section of George Street to a pedestrian boulevard along with other traffic treatments started in March 2021.