Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program

GO-SHIP (The Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program)[1] is a multidisciplinary project to monitor ocean/climate changes.

In 1893, Norwegian scientist Fridtjof Nansen fixed his Fram in the Arctic ice-cap for three years to undertake long-term observations of oceanographic, meteorological and astronomical data.

[6] In 1960, Harry Hammond Hess developed the seafloor spreading theory by ocean exploration.Deep Sea Drilling Project started in 1968.

GO-SHIP data have suggested that from the 1990s to 2000 the deep (z > 2000 m) has warmed by absorbing some of the extra heat in system...[9] The GO-SHIP global sampling has proven that the warming is obviously larger in regions of the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) especially the Southern Ocean near AABW[10] An anthropogenic storage rate of 2.9 (± 0.4) Pg C year-1 for the most recent decade.

[11][12] An ocean mean annual uptake rate equates to approximately 27% of the total anthropogenic carbon emissions over 1994 to 2010.