[4] Modern freeze etch[5] electron microscopy (EM) clearly shows a mesh connecting Golgi cisternae and associated vesicles.
[6][7] Further support for the existence of a matrix comes from EM images showing that ribosomes are excluded from regions between and near Golgi cisternae.
[15][1] For example, GMAP210 (Golgi Microtubule Associated Protein 210) has an ALPS (Amphipathic Lipid-Packing Sensor) motif in the N-termal 38 amino acids and an ARF1-binding domain called GRAB (Grip-Related Arf-Binding) at the C-terminus.
[16] Thus, the GRAB-domain can bind indirectly to Golgi cisternae and its ALPS motif can tether vesicles.
[7] Their trans oligomerization is controlled by phosphorylation[6] and is thought to explain the fragmentation of the Golgi as required during mitosis.