Goshen, Utah lies in the valley's center-southeast; Santaquin is adjacent northeast, and near the southern end of West Mountain.

The Goshen Valley is mostly a flat triangular shape, extending north–south; the point southward lies between the intersecting mountain foothills and ridgelines on both sides.

The northeast of the valley ends at southwest West Mountain; there, the mountain forms a 9-mile-long (14 km)[3] spur as the eastern border of Goshen Bay, the lake extension south into Goshen Valley.

Currant Creek flows north towards Utah Lake in the valley center; the small Goshen Reservoir lies upstream (south) on Currant Creek in the center-south of the valley.

Mona Reservoir lies beyond the southeast hills upstream, in the far north of Juab Valley.