[2] Fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls (3rd century BC or later):[3] There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE.

Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B;

Verses 1–4 function as a bridge between series of passages ending with the same refrain (cf.

verse 4; continuing the discourse of Isaiah 9, and extends the "woes" set out in chapter 5), and the attack on Assyria, which shares one introduction.

[9] Isaiah condemns Assyria for not realising that it is "an instrument of divine wrath upon all Israel": There verses are cited by the Apostle Paul in his Epistle to the Romans (chapter 9:27–28).