Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B;

Thus saith the LORD to His anointed, to Cyrus, whose right hand I have holden, to subdue nations before him, and to loose the loins of kings; to open the doors before him, and that the gates may not be shut:The Septuagint refers to Cyrus the Great as "my anointed".

[4] For the sake of Jacob my servant, of Israel my chosen, I summon you by name and bestow on you a title of honor, though you do not acknowledge me.Some older translations state "I have surnamed you".

The text may be interpreted as foretelling "spontaneous homage rendered to Israel by distant nations of the earth", or in terms of a prospective conquest; for Skinner in the Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges "the whole scene strongly suggests a submission that has been preceded by humiliation and defeat.

"Isaiah 45:23" is a song title in the album "The Life of the World to Come" inspired by this verse that was released by the American band The Mountain Goats in 2009.