Chapters 40-55 are known as "Deutero-Isaiah" and date from the time of the Israelites' exile in Babylon.

Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B;

This poem, written from the Servant's point of view, is an account of his pre-natal calling by God to lead both Israel and the nations.

The Servant is now portrayed as the prophet of the Lord equipped and called to restore the nation to God.

Taken with the picture of the Servant in the first song, his success will come not by political or military action, but by becoming a light to the Gentiles.

[4] Biblical translator and commentator Robert Lowth suggests that there was "some practice, common among the Jews at that time, of making marks on their hands or arms by punctures on the skin, with some sort of sign or representation of the city (i.e. Jerusalem) or temple, to shew their affection and zeal for it".