[6] The second line is rendered in the Greek Septuagint version as: "For those who were not told will see, and those who have not heard will understand", which is cited in Romans 15:21.

But there is interpretive room to argue that a resurrected Jesus has prolonged his days indefinitely and that his "seed" are those who become Christians.

The reason that the Servant is referred to in the third person may be that these verses are written from the point of view of Gentile nations amazed at Israel's restoration, or it may simply be a method of figurative description.

Chapters 40–55 of Isaiah are referred to as "Deutero-Isaiah" because the themes and language are different from the rest of the book, leading some scholars to believe it was written by another author.

Psalm 44 directly parallels the Servant Songs, making it, probably, the best defense for reading Isaiah 53 as applicable to the nation of Israel.

[16] In 1263 at the Disputation of Barcelona, Nahmanides expressed the Jewish viewpoint of Isaiah 53 and other matters regarding Christian belief about Jesus's role in Hebrew Scripture.

The disputation was awarded in his favor by James I of Aragon, and as a result the Dominican Order compelled him to flee from Spain for the remainder of his life.

In a number of other disputations, debate about this passage resulted in forced conversions, deportations, and the burning of Jewish religious texts.

The King James Version of verse 7 from this chapter is cited as texts in the English-language oratorio "Messiah" by George Frideric Handel (HWV 56).