[1] The commander keeps a symbolic key of the station with them during their tenure, that is, a copy of the handle opening the hatches to the Russian segment.
[2] Continued international collaboration on ISS missions has been thrown into doubt by the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and related sanctions on Russia.
[3] A ceremony occurs at each change of command, similar to rituals in various military services.
Belgian, British,[Note 1] Canadian, Danish, German, and French nationals have commanded the station once each.
Fyodor Yurchikhin and Oleg Kononenko have commanded the station thrice.