Microbial electrolysis cell

[2] Other materials include membranes (although some MECs are membraneless), and tubing and gas collection systems.

[3] Electrogenic microorganisms consuming an energy source (such as acetic acid) release electrons and protons, creating an electrical potential of up to 0.3 volts.

Lactic and acetic acid achieve 82% efficiency, while the values for unpretreated cellulose or glucose are close to 63%.

Depending on the organisms present at the cathode, MECs can also produce methane by a related mechanism.

[4] Hydrogen and methane can both be used as alternatives to fossil fuels in internal combustion engines or for power generation.

Like MFCs or bioethanol production plants, MECs have the potential to convert waste organic matter into a valuable energy source.