Sedimentary rocks of the basin, including those of Moquegua Group,[1] crop out in the Central Depression makes up part of the sedimenty fill of the basin.

[2] The basement of the basin is made of rocks older than the Cenozoic.

[2] Despite being close to the Pacific Ocean Moquegua Basin appear to have been unaffected by the Oligo-Miocene marine transgression that affected many other basins of western South America such as nearby Pisco Basin.

[3] Concurrent with Andean uplift it is thought that the basin went from having a “balanced basin-fill” between Oligocene and Middle Miocene having a “overfilled basin-fill” from the Middle Miocene to the present.

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