The Nam Phong district is surrounded by Non Sa-at (in the Udon Thani province), Kranuan, Sam Sung, Mueang Khon Kaen, Ubolratana, and Khao Suan Kwang.

The district office and the train station are about 7 km east of the main settlement, Ban Nam Phong.

The district is mostly agricultural, its main activities being rice and sugar cane growing and animal husbandry.

An oil survey in 1979 found a natural gas reserve of an estimated 1.5 trillion cubic feet (42 km3).

[2] From 1972 to 1973, the Royal Thai Air Base Nam Phong was a U.S. military facility used in the Vietnam War.