North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone

The North Indian Ocean is the least active official basin, contributing only seven percent of the world's tropical cyclones.

[4] The United States's Joint Typhoon Warning Center unofficially designates as B to classify storms formed in the Bay of Bengal.

[5] The Bay of Bengal's coast is shared among India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and western part of Thailand.

[4] The United States's Joint Typhoon Warning Center unofficially designates as A to classify storms formed in the Arabian Sea.

[9] The Arabian Sea's coast is shared among Pakistan, India, Yemen, Oman, UAE, Iran, Sri Lanka, Maldives and Somalia.

[11] The systematic scientific studies of tropical systems in the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea was started during the 19th century by Henry Piddington.

[12] Piddington utilised meteorological logs of vessels that navigated the seas and published a series of memoirs, in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal between 1839 and 1858.

[8] High sea surface temperatures and humidity makes the bays more favourable to tropical cyclone development.

[8] However a strong positive Indian Ocean Dipole may cause an increase of tropical cyclogenesis than usual[clarification needed] which was seen in the 2019 season.

[19] In the Arabian Sea, most storms dissipate offshore without making landfall, but a significant number of tropical cyclones also impact the west coast, particularly the states of Gujarat and Maharashtra.

[26] Researchers also predict that cyclones will be deadlier and stronger as the trend of warming sea surface temperatures continue.

Rising sea levels also may cause severe flooding, strong storm surge and inundation of coastal towns.

Cumulative track map of all North Indian Ocean cyclones from 1970 to 2005
Very severe cyclonic storms Luban (left) and Titli (right) over the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal in October 2018
This ESSA 3 satellite image was taken on November 3, 1966, at 0819 UTC of a tropical cyclone striking Madras, India
The 1999 Odisha Cyclone making landfall over Odisha in 1999.
Cyclone Gonu at its peak in 2007.
Cyclone Kyarr was the first super cyclone since 2007.
Amphan was the costliest cyclone in the basin to strike land.