PTC rubber

PTC rubber is made from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) loaded with carbon nanoparticles.

The quantum mechanical tunneling effect inside the material is highly temperature dependent.

At a specific temperature the quantum mechanical tunneling effect current ceases.

The copper is in turn connected to a voltage to provide the electrical field inside the material necessary to trigger the tunneling effect.

These heaters will provide high power when they are cold and rapidly heat up themselves to a constant temperature and remain there virtually unaffected by changes in the ambient conditions.

PTC rubber, a material for which the resistivity grows exponentially with increasing temperature up to a temperature where it ceases to conduct electricity. Above this temperature the material is an electrical insulator.