Reproductive medicine

Some examples of ARTs include IVF, artificial insemination (AI) and embryo transfer, as well as genome resource banking.

[2] Since then, there have been many milestones for reproductive medicine, including the birth of Louise Brown, the first baby to be conceived through IVF in 1978.

[4] In women, reproductive medicine also covers menstruation, ovulation, pregnancy and menopause, as well as gynecologic disorders that affect fertility.

This section will give examples of a number of common conditions affecting the human reproductive system.

[12] A physical examination will also take place to identify abnormalities such as hirsutism, abdominal masses, infection, cysts or fibroids.

Investigations of semen samples also take place to assess the volume, motility and number of sperm, as well as identifying infections.

These can take the form of antibiotics for bacterial infections such as chlamydia[15] or highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) for the HIV virus.

[20] CME is necessary in reproductive medicine as advancements in technology and treatment options require ongoing learning and skill development.

The anamnesis or medical history taking of issues related to reproductive or sexual medicine may be inhibited by a person's reluctance to disclose intimate or uncomfortable information.

[21] When visiting a health provider about sexual issues, having both partners of a couple present is often necessary, and is typically a good thing, but may also prevent the disclosure of certain subjects, and, according to one report, increases the stress level.

If an individual does not meet the criteria or has gone through the maximum number of NHS-funded cycles, the individual will have to pay for private treatment[23] Many reproductive technologies are seen to have ethical problems, including IVF, mitochondrial replacement therapy, germline modification, preimplantation genetic diagnosis.