Sepia lycidas

[7] Other interesting behaviors includes their feeding and hunting methods, which entails turning towards a preferred direction to "jump on" and engulf their prey of small fish and crustaceans.

[8] Sepia lycidas has many human uses and is important in the economy of many Southeast Asian countries, especially since they are often eaten for their high nutritional value.

[9] The cuttlebone, which is usually ellipsoid in shape, is located within the dorsal mantle of the cuttlefish to provide individuals with many benefits like protection, support, and buoyancy.

[10] Sepia lycidas is a common species of large cuttlefish, and will grow to have an average mantle size of 38 cm and a maximum weight of 5 kg.

[8] Their coloring ranges from reddish brown to purple, and individuals have scattered ocellate patches and lightened stripes along their dorsal mantles.

Sepia lycidas can typically be found at depths ranging from 15–100 meters; however, they do migrate to shallow coastal areas from April to July for both the mating and breeding season.

[7] Sepia lycidas has a life cycle that is similar to other cuttlefish species, beginning with embryos hatching into a planktonic stage after about 25 days of incubation.

[13] The results of this study showed that GnRH-like was present within the organism's brains even in an undifferentiated state, and that the levels did increase significantly once gonadal sex differentiation began to take place.

[8] Sepia lycidas have become very economically important in Southeast Asia, especially in Japan and Hong Kong since they are commonly eaten due to their high nutritional value.

[6] Outside of aquaculture, this species is often used as a model organism and has been studied extensively as a potential alternative source of collagen, which humans use in cosmetics, biomedical materials, and foods.

[9] Unfortunately, due to overexploitation and insufficient recruitment, kisslip cuttlefish populations have declined dramatically in more recent years.

Ventral view of Sepia lycidas cuttlebone
Dorsal surface of Sepia lycidas cuttlebone
Specimen of Sepia lycidas in the National Museum of Natural Science in Taiwan