In 1921, Siam, with Prince Mahidol the Krom Khun Songkla as the agent, negotiated with the Rockefeller Foundation to send aids for Siamese medical system and education.

[1] As a part of educational reforms under the government led by General Phibun, the Siriraj Faculty of Medicine, along with departments of Dentistry, Pharmacy, and Veterinary Science, were carved out from Chulalongkorn University and were re-organized into the University of Medical Sciences (Thai: มหาวิทยาลัยแพทยศาสตร์) on February 7, 1943.

The school name was changed to Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital (Thai: คณะแพทยศาสตร์ศิริราชพยาบาล; deleting the "and").

Under the patronage of Prince Mahidol Adulyadej and support from the Rockefeller Foundation, Siriraj became one of the most advanced medical services and research centers in Thailand and Southeast Asia.

They include a forensic medicine museum, displaying objects from homicide, suicide and accident cases, such as skulls, bones, skeletons, preserved body parts and organs, including the entire preserved body of a convicted murder.

The exhibit also contains the autopsy instruments that were used in the case of King Ananda Mahidol's mysterious death.

Other exhibitions are devoted to Thai traditional medicine, anatomy, prehistoric artifacts, rare diseases and parasitic organisms.