Traditionally home-brewed, siwa remains locally popular during social events, after (manual) work, and as an incentive for farmers and labourers.
Basic ingredients are water; a home-baked and toasted flatbread commonly made from barley in the highlands,[1][2][3] and from sorghum, finger millet or maize in the lowlands;[4] some yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae);[5] and dried leaves of gesho (Rhamnus prinoides) that serve as a catalyst.
[citation needed][6] The brew is allowed to ferment for a few days, after which it is served, sometimes with the pieces of bread floating on it (the customer will gently blow them to one side of the beaker).
The three traditional bowls in which siwa is served are: clay beakers (shekhla or wancha), hollowed gourds, and, less frequently, cattle horns.
The siwa itself is conserved in large clay vases, called etriro, which tend to get replaced with plastic drums.
Frequently, adolescent boys or girls drop in to sell kollo (roasted grains) or buqulti (germinated beans)[9] seasoned with senafiche (home-made mustard).