The Soviet Union (USSR) competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

[1] As the country hosted the next Olympics in Moscow, a live video feed from the city was shown at the closing ceremony.

18 fencers, 13 men and 5 women, represented the Soviet Union in 1976.

Pavel Lednyov won a silver medal in the individual event.

The Soviet Union had 31 male and 24 female rowers participate in all 14 rowing events in 1976.