Poland competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

After winning a silver medal in the women's competition in 1972, Poland's best finisher in 1976 was Jadwiga Wilejto at 6th place.

Both of the Polish men, however, improved considerably on the best male competitor of four years before.

Poland placed eighth on the national leaderboard for archery.

Janusz Pyciak-Peciak won an individual gold medal.