Stenolebias is a genus of fish in the family Rivulidae.

These relatively rare annual killifish are endemic to seasonal waters in the Pantanal in Brazil.

[2] They are small fish, up to 4 cm (1.6 in) in total length.

[3] Stenolebias and the closely related Maratecoara, Papiliolebias, Pituna and Plesiolebias form a clade, Plesiolebiasini.

[4] There are currently two recognized species in Stenolebias:[3]