Toomas Asser (born 14 July 1954 in Jõhvi) is an Estonian medical scientist.

He has been a member of the Estonian Academy of Sciences since 2011 and the Rector of the University of Tartu since 1 August 2018.

His research focuses on clinical and molecular-biological aspects of brain tumors, pituitary surgery, surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms, functional surgery (deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease) and spinal cord injuries.

Asser graduated from Nõo Secondary School (1973) and the Faculty of Medicine of Tartu State University in 1979.

In 1987, Asser defended his PhD in Medicine at Moscow N. Burdenko Institute of Neurosurgery with his candidate’s dissertation on cerebral blood flow regulation issues and stereotactic operations using the original thermocautery.