The range reaches a maximum elevation of 11,949 feet (3,642 m) at the southern summit of Mount Jefferson.
[1] From Hickison Summit on U.S. Route 50, the range runs for approximately 71 miles (114 km) to the south-southwest.
To its west are Big Smoky Valley, scenic State Route 376, and the large Toiyabe Range.
The high central section of the Toquima Range is a large area of subalpine tundra surrounding the three summits of Mount Jefferson.
This section of the range is protected as the Alta Toquima Wilderness Area.