[3] Troy is part of the St. Joseph, MO–KS Metropolitan Statistical Area.

[7] Troy grew up from humble beginnings along the wagon route from St. Joseph, Missouri to Oregon and California.

British explorer Richard Francis Burton en route to California in 1860 noted: "Passing through a few wretched shanties called Troy ..."[8] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.99 square miles (2.56 km2), of which 0.98 square miles (2.54 km2) is land and 0.01 square miles (0.03 km2) is water.

As of the census[13] of 2010, there were 1,010 people, 421 households, and 275 families residing in the city.

There were 467 housing units at an average density of 476.5 per square mile (184.0/km2).

30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

There were 474 housing units at an average density of 662.6 per square mile (255.8/km2).

30.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

The community is served by Troy USD 429 public school district.