The language widely uses agglutination and suffixes to form words from noun and verb stems.
Besides native Turkic words, Turkish vocabulary is rich in loanwords from Arabic, Persian, French and other languages.
With the advent of the Turkish Republic in 1923 came the attempt to unify the languages of the people and the administration, and to westernize the country.
Turkish nouns and pronouns have no grammatical gender (the same pronoun o means "he", "she" or "it"), but have six grammatical cases: nominative or absolute (used for the subject or an indefinite direct object), accusative (used for a definite direct object), dative (= to), locative (= in), ablative (= from), genitive (= of).
For more examples on word derivations, see the related article: List of replaced loanwords in Turkish.
One source (Özkırımlı, p. 155) calls it the benzerlik ("similarity") or görelik (from göre "according to") eki, considering it as another case-ending.
The result has cases serving as adverbs of place: The following are used after the genitive pronouns benim, bizim, senin, sizin, onun, and kimin, and after the absolute case of other pronouns and nouns: For example, a certain company may describe its soft drink as: However, another company may say of itself: Thus the label of postposition does not adequately describe gibi; Schaaik proposes calling it a predicate, because of its use in establishing similarity: The particle ile can be both comitative and instrumental; it can also join the preceding word as a suffix.
The Persian conjunction ki brings to Turkish the Indo-European style of relating ideas (#Lewis [XIII,15]): Thus ki corresponds roughly to English "that", but with a broader sense: The verb-stem temizle- "make clean" is the adjective temiz "clean" with the suffix -le-.
Many verbs are formed from nouns or adjectives with -le: The suffix -iş- indicates reciprocal action, which is expressed in English by "each other" or "one another".