After Tokugawa Ieyasu took control over the Kantō region in 1590, he assigned one of his generals, Sugawara Sadatoshi, the 20,000 koku holding of Yoshii.

Sadatoshi laid out the foundations of a town and market, and was succeeded by his adopted son, Okudaira Tadamasa in 1602.

In 1682, Hotta Masayasu, a hatamoto bureaucrat in the Tokugawa shogunate, passed the 10,000 koku mark and was raised in status to daimyō.

Likewise, in 1709, the hatamoto Matsudaira Nobukiyo attained the 10,000 koku mark, and Yoshii Domain was revived as his seat.

He traveled to Edo with only one retainer, but was awarded estates and servants and eventually married a daughter of Tokugawa Yorinobu and adopted the Matsudaira name.