It is associated with alcoholism due to hyposplenism (reduced splenic functioning) and can be seen in males between the ages of 40 and 60 years old.

[1] Robert Austrian was not the first one to describe the condition, but Richard Heschl (around 1860s) or William Osler were not able to link the signs to the bacteria because microbiology was not yet developed.

A study shows that middle-aged men with alcohol issues make up most patients with Austrian syndrome.

[3] The leading cause of Osler's triad (Austrian syndrome) is Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is usually associated with heavy alcohol use.

The native aortic valve is the most frequent vegetation site for Streptococcus pneumoniae and is considered the most common cardiac lesion.

The presentation of Austrian syndrome includes symptoms from all three of the triad: pneumonia, endocarditis, and meningitis.

[5] In a specific case study, a patient who had symptoms of a fever and headache was treated with cefotaxime, ampicillin,[8] and dexamethasone and had to undergo an emergency valve surgery since the EKG showed mitral vegetation.

Austrian syndrome's symptoms, including pneumonia, endocarditis, and meningitis, all have high mortality rates.

In a case study, an individual who had absolutely no history of alcohol abuse presented symptoms of the triad, such as low fever, myalgia, cough, and breathlessness.

A CT scan was performed, and CSF analysis showed 78 cells/mm3 a low glucose concentration, and positive latex agglutination.