The main focus lies on the tradition of Greek New Testament as well as the German Bible.
The museum forms part of the Institute for New Testament Textual Research at the University of Münster.
The museum was founded as a department of the Institute for New Testament Textual Research by Kurt Aland and was opened with a ceremonial act on 8 March 1979 in the presence of Federal President Walter Scheel.
Some parts of the older holdings of the Institute of New Testament Textual Research were added.
Over the years the collection was expanded further with significant exhibits; it is augmented by changing items on loan from a private manuscript collector from Norway.