Canada competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia and Stockholm, Sweden (equestrian events).

92 competitors, 77 men and 15 women, took part in 81 events in 14 sports.

[1] Men's 10m platform One fencer represented Canada in 1956.

Canada had 13 male rowers participate in two out of seven rowing events in 1956.

In the 50 m rifle, prone event, Gerald Ouellette won gold and Gil Boa won bronze.