It draws on the ideas and history of several Indigenous and anti-colonial movements, including those of Juan Velasco Alvarado, Evo Morales, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Muammar Gaddafi, and Che Guevara[citation needed].

The ideology is also followed by Peruvian militant groups such as the Plurinational Association of Tawantinsuyo Reservists and Ejército de Reservistas Andino Amazónico – T. Many members of the movement are armed forces veterans of Peru's internal wars or the border disputes with Ecuador in the 1980s and 1990s.

[5] Antauro gained international prominence on 1 January 2005 by occupying a rural police station in Andahuaylas, Apurimac, an action dubbed "El Andahuaylazo".

He was released early in August of 2022[8][9] While not affiliated with Antuaro Humala, the Plurinational Association of Tawantinsuyo Reservists (ASPRET) was formed as an ethnocarcerist militia in 2011[10] The main current political party espousing ethnocacerism is Union for Peru.

[citation needed] The ethnocacerist movement has been described as having fascist traits,[3][12][13][14][15][16] with Vice calling it "an idiosyncratic mix of economic populism, xenophobia — especially towards Peru's southern neighbor Chile — and the mythologizing of the supposed racial superiority of 'copper skinned' Andeans.

[3] According to Harper's Magazine, "Anti-Semitic, anti-Chilean 'news' ran alongside xenophobic editorials" in the movement's newspaper, Ollanta (later named Antauro), and ethnocacerists have called for 25% of children to be taken by the state and conscripted.

[18] This position of non-alignment and third-worldism meant looking for solutions in Peruvian and Latin American history, such as the rebel hero Tupac Amaru and writer José Carlos Mariátegui.