A restaurant complex built in GDR times was substantially rebuilt after 2010 and now serves as the entrance building.

The station is situated mostly in the town of Falkenberg/Elster in the Elbe-Elster district not far from the state borders of Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt.

The Berlin-Anhalt Railway Company (German: Berlin-Anhaltische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft, BAE) opened its line from Berlin to Köthen (then spelt Cöthen) in 1841.

In the same year the Upper Lusatian Railway Company (Oberlausitzer Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft) began construction of its line from Kohlfurt (now Węgliniec) to Falkenberg, which was opened on 1 June 1874.

A new water tower was built in 1895 and another engine shed was put in operation at the lower station in 1908.

A connecting railway ran to it from the top station, which carried materials and airfield employees.

[8] In World War II, construction began on a multi-track upgrade of the line toward Jüterbog, which was not completed.

[10] Because of the strategic importance of the station, with its marshalling yards and the nearby Falkenberg airfield, it was a target for several Allied bombing raids in the Second World War.

After radio reports had already announced that there would be further attacks on the day with the goal of total destruction of the Falkenberg railway junction, bomb raids were primarily carried out on the lower station and a number of buildings were destroyed, including the locomotive depot.

[11] A few days after the war, Soviet troops under station commander Braschenko began rebuilding the strategic rail facilities on 15 May 1945.

[13] In GDR times, the station was expanded and included 160 km of railway tracks and 377 sets of points.

[14] In addition to the north-eastern connecting curve from the lower to the upper station, which had existing since the 19th century, a connecting curve was built south-east of the crossing, allowing direct trips from the west to the lower station, allowing operations to Elsterwerda without having to reverse in the upper yard.

Freight tracks were temporarily provided with platforms for travelling Soviet soldiers so that they could use the washing facilities.

The first electrically powered passenger train reached Falkenberg from the direction of Wittenberg on 27 September 1986 and the electrification went into operation towards Riesa on 13 December 1986.

The importance of the station for freight fell substantially after 1990 due to the decline in industrial production in the region and the modal shift to road transport.

In 2010 and 2011, the passenger platforms were built in the upper part of the station and the railway facilities were transformed.

An overpass was built over the tracks in 1896 to replace the level crossing at Uebigauer Straße north of the platforms of the lower station.

[7] From 1897, a cooperative built, with the help of a loan, tenement-like houses in several streets west of the station; these included stables, a little garden land and community laundry rooms.

In 1912, the manor came into the possession of the municipality, allowing new construction areas to be identified, mainly east of the railway.

Shortly after the completion of the line, a small entrance building was built in Falkenberg on the west side of the tracks of the Anhalt Railway.

The restored building was inaugurated in 2011 and now includes a restaurant and the office of the local bus operator, Lehmann-Reisen.

Several connecting curves in the northeastern and southeastern parts of the station enable trains to run between the two levels.

The upper marshalling yard is located east of the passenger station on the line towards Cottbus.

With the beginning of the reconstruction work, the snack bar closed on 31 August 2010 after the owner could not agree on its future use with the town.

Hopes that the town of Falkenberg would be able to preserve the tunnel were not fulfilled because the heritage listing includes only the platform equipment.

[19] The level crossing barrier post 4a on Uebigauer Straße north of the platforms had already lost its original function at the end of the 19th century with the construction of the overpass.

The engine shed III of the upper rail depot has been used by a private collection of locomotives since 2001.

This includes the heritage-listed "railway settlement” (Eisenbahnersiedlung) in Falkenberg, the former Bahnmeisterei (track master's building, now a house) north of the entrance building, as well as a "class 52 steam locomotive and two water cranes on the north side of the railway premises".

The former signal box W 12 at Übigau station is on the list of historic monuments of the town of Uebigau-Wahrenbrück.

In the north–south direction, the Berlin–Dresden railway, after its completion in 1875, competed with the Anhalt line via Falkenberg for traffic from Berlin towards Dresden and Chemnitz.