[1] The canal was built in the 18th century colonial era of Louisiana, stretching from what is now the Faubourg Marigny neighborhood of New Orleans, roughly paralleling the Mississippi River on the East Bank down through modern Saint Bernard Parish and part of the East Bank of Plaquemines.
Colonial land grants commonly stretched 40 arpents back from the Mississippi River.
No longer used for shipping, the canal is still used for drainage, and in places some small pleasure and fishing boats.
Levees and floodwalls constructed on the back side of the canal help protect settled areas from flooding.
In December 2005 it was announced that in Saint Bernard Parish the 40 Arpent Canal back levee would be increased in height to help offer some temporary protection until more comprehensive work could be done on MR-GO.