[2] The point mutation is nonsynonymous because it alters the RNA codon in the mRNA transcript such that translation results in amino acid change.
A hypergeometric distribution study involving DNA polymerase β replication errors in the APC gene revealed 282 possible substitutions that could result in missense mutations.
Site-directed mutagenesis is a technique often employed to create knock-in and knock-out models that express missense mRNAs.
RNA editing-dependent amino acid substitutions can produce missense mRNA's of which occur through hydrolytic deaminase reactions.
Two of the most prevalent deaminase reactions occur through the Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme (APOBEC) and the adenosine deaminase acting on RNA enzyme (ADAR) which are responsible for the conversion of cytidine to uridine (C-to-U), and the deamination of adenosine to inosine (A-to-I), respectively.