[1] Inosine is commonly found in tRNAs and is essential for proper translation of the genetic code in wobble base pairs.

It has been proposed for spinal cord injury[3] and for administration after stroke, because observation suggests that inosine induces axonal rewiring.

[4] After ingestion, inosine is metabolized into uric acid, which has been suggested to be a natural antioxidant and peroxynitrite scavenger with potential benefits to patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Earlier trials suggested that patients with the highest serum urate levels had slower progression of Parkinson's symptoms.

[17] Despite lack of clinical evidence that it improves muscle development, inosine remains an ingredient in some fitness supplements.

Inosine has also been found to be an important feed stimulant by itself or in combination with certain amino acids in some species of farmed fish.