Periodinanes also known as λ5-iodanes are organoiodine compounds with iodine in the +5 oxidation state.
These compounds are described as hypervalent because the iodine center has more than 8 valence electrons.
The λ5-iodanes such as the Dess-Martin periodinane have square pyramidal geometry with 4 heteroatoms in basal positions and one apical phenyl group.
Dess-Martin periodinane (1983) is another powerful oxidant and an improvement of the IBX acid already in existence in 1983.
The oxidation mechanism ordinarily consists of a ligand exchange reaction followed by a reductive elimination.