Salandra (Lucano: Salândr; Greek: Salandhra) is a town and comune in the province of Matera, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata.

One hypothesis holds that it derives from the Ancient Greek thalassa andros ("men of the sea"), which would allude to colonists from Magna Graecia.

The current city site dates back to the Norman era; Salandra is first officially mentioned in a 1060 papal bull.

In 1485 Antonello Sanseverino, Prince of Salerno and head of the Conspiracy of the Barons, was deprived of all his fiefdoms by King Ferdinand I of Naples; the fief of Salandra was sold several times over in the following years.

It consists of a blue background with two crossed sabers over three green peaks, the shield crowned in silver and subtended by oak and olive branches.

Initially dedicated to St. Anthony and then to St. Francis, the convent included a seminary, and served for a long time as the seat of the University of Theology.

These include a 1530 Polyptych of the Annunciation and a 1580 Polyptych of Antonio Stabile, both by Simone da Firenze [it], and a lunette depicting the Madonna and Child with Angels by Pier Antonio Ferro; a fine choral organ from 1570, one of the oldest functioning organs in Italy; a 17th-century altar; numerous paintings including Domenico Guarino [it]'s The Last Supper and numerous portraits; and statuary from the 16th and 17th centuries.

Chiesa Madre (Mother Church): Dedicated to the Holy Trinity, it was built in the 11th and 12th centuries, almost completely destroyed by the 1857 earthquake, and then rebuilt.