TEOS-10

It has been approved as the official description of the thermodynamic properties of seawater, humid air and ice in 2009 by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC)[3] and in 2011 by the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG).

[6] The thermodynamic potential functions are determined by a set of adjustable parameters which are tuned to fit experimental data and theoretical laws of physics like the ideal gas equation.

TEOS-10 includes the Gibbs Seawater (GSW) Oceanographic Toolbox which is available as open source software in MATLAB, Fortran, Python, C, C++, R, Julia and PHP.

While TEOS-10 is generally expressed in basic SI-units, the GSW package uses input and output data in commonly used oceanographic units (such as g/kg for Absolute Salinity SA and dbar for pressure p).

[8] In addition to the GSW Oceanographic Toolbox, the Seawater-Ice-Air (SIA) Library is available for Fortran and VBA (for the use in Excel), and covers the thermodynamic properties of seawater, ice and (moist) air.

[2] EOS-80 consisted of separate equations for density, sound speed, freezing temperature and heat capacity but did not provide expressions for entropy or chemical potentials.