Formed in 1862 the regiment is part of the Italian Army's infantry arm and named for the city of Cagliari in Sardinia.

The division was in the southern Peloponnese in Greece, when the Armistice of Cassibile was announced on 8 September 1943 and was soon thereafter disbanded by invading German forces.

The regiment was reformed as battalion sized unit in 1976 and disbanded after the end of the Cold War.

In 1895-96, the regiment provided nine officers and 235 enlisted for units deployed to Italian Eritrea for the First Italo-Ethiopian War.

On 12 March 1912, the regiment fought in the Battle of Due Palme and earned a Silver Medal of Military Valor.

At the time the 63rd Infantry Regiment consisted of three battalions, each of which fielded four fusilier companies and one machine gun section.

In late May 1916, the brigade was sent as reinforcements to the Sette Comuni plateau, where Austro-Hungarian forces had begun the Battle of Asiago.

After landing in Massawa in Eritrea the division moved to the Endaga Robo-Enticho-Dek’emhāre region.

On 2 March 1936, the Assietta blocked the retreat route of the Ethiopian Army on the front from Yereserē to Edai.

But the Ethiopians bypassed the Assietta, breaking through Italian lines further to the east on their way to Amba Alagi.

The Assietta, now used as a rear area guard force, followed in March–April 1936 first to Aderat and Amba Alagi and then to Atzalo and Aiba.

The division's last garrison in Ethiopia was the city of Dessie from September 1936 until the orders to return to Italy were received on 2 February 1937.

[2][5][6][7][8][9] At the outbreak of World War II, the regiment consisted of a command, a command company, three fusilier battalions, a support weapons battery equipped with 65/17 infantry support guns, and a mortar company equipped with 81mm Mod.

An attack towards the Val d'Ambin with the aim to take Modane was stopped by the Franco-Italian Armistice signed on 24 June 1940.

[2][7][8] On 21 January 1941, the division was ordered to move to Albania to reinforce the Italian front in the Greco-Italian War.

In June 1941, the division was transferred to the southern Peloponnese, where garrisons were established in Tripoli, Kalamata and Sparta.

The battalion was tasked with manning fortifications of the Alpine Wall along the Soča river between Gorizia and Gradisca d'Isonzo in case of war with Yugoslavia.