Austria competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, USSR.

83 competitors, 64 men and 19 women, took part in 51 events in 16 sports.

[1] In its second appearance in archery competition at the Olympics, Austria again entered only one man.

Men's Springboard Men's Platform Two male pentathletes represented Austria in 1980.

Individual Competition: Men's 100m Freestyle Men's 100m Backstroke Men's 100m Butterfly Women's 100m Freestyle Women's 100m Backstroke Women's 100m Butterfly Women's 200m Butterfly