Portugal competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, USSR.

Portugal sent a delegation of eleven competitors.

These participated in six sports, with a debut in boxing, however no medals were won.

Men's 1,500 metres Men's 3,000 metres Steeplechase Men's Marathon Men's Light Flyweight (–48 kg): Women's Team All-Round Competition: Men's –60 kg: Men's Half Lightweight (–65 kg): Men's Half Middleweight (–70 kg): Men's 100m Backstroke: Men's 200m Backstroke: Men's 100m Butterfly: Men's 100m Freestyle: Men's 200m Freestyle: Men's 400m Freestyle: Men's Flyweight (–52 kg):