Czechoslovakia competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, USSR.

[1] In its first appearance in the Olympic archery competition, Czechoslovakia sent two women and one man.

All matches were played at the Kirov Stadium in Leningrad except where noted.

With four points each (one win and two draws), Czechoslovakia and Kuwait qualified for the quarterfinals.

Women's Tournament Three male pentathletes represented Czechoslovakia in 1980.