Closely related varieties are spoken by Francophone communities in Ontario, Western Canada and the New England region of the United States, differing only from Quebec French primarily by their greater linguistic conservatism.
Many Métis spoke Cree in addition to French, and over the years they developed a unique mixed language called Michif by combining Métis French nouns, numerals, articles and adjectives with Cree verbs, demonstratives, postpositions, interrogatives and pronouns.
Chiac is a blending of Acadian French syntax and vocabulary, with numerous lexical borrowings from English.
][7] The term anglicism (anglicisme) is related to the linguistic concepts of loanwords, barbarism, diglossia, and the macaronic mixture of the French and English languages.
The "Banque de dépannage linguistique" (Language Troubleshooting Database) by the Office québécois de la langue française[8] distinguishes between different kinds of anglicisms:[9] Academic, colloquial, and pejorative terms are used in Canada to refer to the vernacular.
Examples are des "sabirisation" (from sabir, "pidgin"), Franglais, Français québécois, and Canadian French.