Cycladic art

The best known type of artwork that has survived is the marble figurine, most commonly a single full-length female figure with arms folded across the front.

Sinclair Hood writes: "A distinctive shape is a bowl on a high foot comparable with a type which occurs in the mainland Late Neolithic.

Some writers who view these artifacts from their own anthropological or psychological viewpoint have assumed that they are representative of a Great Goddess of nature, perhaps in a tradition continuous with that of Neolithic female figures such as the Venus of Willendorf.

Yet at least some of them show clear signs of having been repaired, implying that they were objects valued by the deceased during life and were not made specifically for burial.

Both males and females, in standing position with a head and face, compose the Plastiras type; the rendering is naturalistic but also strangely stylized.

[13][14] Schematic figures are more commonly found and are very flat in profile, having simple forms and lack a clearly defined head.

Naturalistic figures are small and tend to have strange or exaggerated proportions, with long necks, angular upper bodies, and muscular legs.

[16] The figures retain the violin-like shape, stance, and folded arm arrangement of their predecessors but differ in notable ways.

An ovoid head with carved facial features, including ears, sits atop an elongated neck that typically takes up a full third of the figure's total height.

Combining the naturalistic and schematic approaches of earlier figure styles, the Louros type have featureless faces, a long neck, and a simple body with attenuated shoulders that tend to extend past the hips in width.

[17] Though breasts are not indicated, figures of this type are still suggestive of the female form and tend to bear evidence of a carved pubic triangle.

Kapsala figures differ from the canonical type in that the arms are held much lower in the right-below-left folded configuration and the faces lack sculpted features other than the nose and occasionally ears.

[17] Kapsala figures show a tendency to slenderness, especially in the legs, which are much longer and lack the powerful musculature suggested in earlier forms of the sculptures.

One characteristic of note of the Kapsala variety is that some figures seem to suggest pregnancy, featuring bulging stomachs with lines drawn across the abdomen.

With characteristics that are developed from the earlier Spedos variety, the Dokathismata figures feature broad, angular shoulders and a straight profile.

Chalandriani figures, however, feature a more truncated shape in which the arms are very close to the pubic triangle and the leg cleft is only indicated by a shallow groove.

[20] The local clay proved difficult for artists to work with, and the pottery, plates, and vases of this period are seldom above mediocre.

[15] They are crude in construction, with thick walls and crumbling imperfections, but sometimes feature naturalistic designs reminiscent of the sea-based culture of the Aegean islands.

Marble harp Player (EC II; Badisches Landesmuseum, Karlsruhe )
Female marble figure (c. 3000 BCE; Brooklyn Museum )
Cycladic marble figurine, Plastiras type
Female marble figurine from Naxos, Louros type (EC I–II, 2800–2700 BCE; Ashmolean Museum , Oxford)
Female marble figurine, Kapsala type (EC II, 2700–2600 BCE; British Museum )
Group of three figurines, early Spedos type, Keros-Syros culture (EC II)
Female marble figurine, probably from Amorgos , Dokathismata variety (EC II, 2800–2300 BCE; Ashmolean Museum)
Female marble figurine, Chalandriani type (EC II, 2400–2200 BCE; British Museum)
Female marble figurine from Crete, Koumasa variety (EC II, 2800–2200 BCE; Archaeological Museum of Chania )
Cycladic “ frying pan ”, terracotta with stamped and cut spirals decoration (EC I–II, c. 2700 BCE, Kampos phase)