They are studied using a range of channelomics experimental and mathematical techniques.
Insights have suggested endocannabinoids (eCBs) as molecules that can regulate the opening of these channels during diverse conditions.
They release adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which activate purinergic receptors.
On the other hand, purinergic receptor activation can also lead to the opening of the channel, via a positive feedback loop.
[4] In addition, P2Y receptors activate inositol trisphosphate, which leads to a transient increase in intracellular calcium, and opens both connexin and pannexin channels, therefore contributing to the propagation of calcium waves across astrocytes and epithelial cells.