Bisphosphoglycerate mutase (EC 5.4.2.4, BPGM) is an enzyme expressed in erythrocytes and placental cells.

Because the main function of bisphosphoglycerate mutase is the synthesis of 2,3-BPG, this enzyme is found only in erythrocytes and placental cells.

2,3-BPG binds with high affinity to Hemoglobin, causing a conformational change that results in the release of oxygen.

[1] BPGM is roughly 50% identical to its PGM counterpart, with the main active-site residues conserved in nearly all PGMs and BPGMs.

[3] 1,3-BPG forms a large number of hydrogen bonds to the surrounding residues, many which are positively charged, severely restricting its mobility.