Thailand competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Forty-two competitors, 39 men and 3 women, took part in 33 events in 11 sports.

[1] The country won their first Olympic medal, a bronze for boxing's Payao Poontarat.

It became the third Southeast Asian country to win the first Olympic medal after the Philippines (won a bronze for swimming in 1928) and Singapore (won a silver in 1960 in weightlifting).

It took 20 years until Thailand won its first gold medal in Atlanta, also in the boxing.