In humans, inhibition of xanthine oxidase reduces the production of uric acid, and several medications that inhibit xanthine oxidase are indicated for treatment of hyperuricemia and related medical conditions including gout.
Others include febuxostat,[3] topiroxostat, and inositols (phytic acid and myo-inositol[citation needed]).
In experiments, numerous natural products have been found to inhibit xanthine oxidase in vitro or in model animals (mice, rats).
[6] An essential oil extracted from Cinnamomum osmophloeum inhibits xanthine oxidase in mice.
[8] An extract of leaves of Pistacia integerrima also inhibits xanthine oxidase at a level that appears to merit further research.