Franglais
Reasons for this blend could be caused by lexical gaps, native bilingualism, populations trying to imitate a language where they have no fluency (sometimes known as creoles/pidgins), or humorous intent.
"Oui, Monsieur, cinq fois," repeated the Countess, telling the number off on her fingers—"Café at nine of the matin, déjeuner à la fourchette at onze o'clock, dîner at cinq heure, café at six hour, and souper at neuf hour.The 19th-century American writer Mark Twain, in Innocents Abroad (1869), included the following letter to a Parisian landlord:[14] PARIS, le 7 Juillet.
La nuit passée you charged me pour deux chandelles when I only had one; hier vous avez charged me avec glace when I had none at all; tout les jours you are coming some fresh game or other on me, mais vous ne pouvez pas play this savon dodge on me twice.
BLUCHER.The humourist Miles Kington wrote a regular column "Let's Parler Franglais" which was published in the British magazine Punch in the late 1970s.
(with the apostrophe in both singular and plural) meaning 'a lapel pin'; or word order, e.g. un talkie-walkie[dubious – discuss][original research?]
People who have no linguistic training or do not bother to consult dictionaries tend to create and perpetuate such urban legends about Franglais.
for 'telephone', to be used before an e-mail address;[20] however, the term mél., which roughly approximates the English pronunciation of mail, is now used more broadly in France than that prescribed usage.
During this period, ever greater imports of American products led to the increasingly widespread use of some English phrases in French.
Measures taken to slow this trend included government censorship of comic strips and financial support for the French film and French-language dubbing industries.
France Télécom's mobile telecommunications subsidiary Orange SA runs a franchise retail network called mobistores.
Its Internet subsidiary, formerly known as Wanadoo (inspired by the American slang expression wanna do) provides a popular triple play service through its Livebox cable modem.
SNCF, the state-owned railway company, has recently introduced a customer fidelity program called S'Miles.
The Paris transportation authority RATP has also recently introduced a contactless smartcard ticketing system (like the Oyster card in London) called NaviGO.
The word courriel, equivalent to 'e-mail', coined and used in French-speaking Canada, is gaining popularity in written European French.
The proposed terms may be ambiguous (often because they are coined based on phonetics, thus hiding their etymology) which results in nonsense (e.g. cédéroms réinscriptibles for CD-RW (literally 'rewritable CD-ROMs', despite ROM meaning 'read-only memory').
The letter j is thus sometimes humorously pronounced as in English in words such as jeunes ('youth'), rendered as /dʒœns/ and thus written djeun's, to refer to this trend.
When a speaker uses calques and loanwords in speech which includes English or French words and grammatical structures in a combination, it is sometimes referred to as Franglais, or a mixed language.
These are permanent and longstanding features of local usage, rather than the recent slangish improvisation by any speaker or affinity group with poor knowledge of the other language.
In fact, the substantial bilingual community in and around Montreal will occasionally refer to Franglais, usually after it is pointed out by an observer that someone has used various French and English words, expressions or prepositions in the same sentence, a surprisingly common occurrence in various spoken registers.
Scholars debate to what extent language mixture can be distinguished from other mechanisms, such as code-switching, substrata, or lexical borrowing.
The word Franglais refers to the long-standing and stable mixes of English and French spoken in some towns, cities, and rural areas of other Canadian provinces: New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Manitoba, and Newfoundland.
that this mix uses approximately equal proportions of each language (except in Newfoundland), although it is more likely to be understood by a French-speaker, since it usually uses English words in French pronunciation and grammar.
Franglais is commonly spoken in French-language schools in Ontario and Alberta, as well as in DSFM (Division scolaire franco-manitobaine) schools in Manitoba, where students may speak French as their first language but will use English as their preferred language, yet will refer to school-related terms in French specifically (e.g. "Let's go to the bibliothèque", instead of "Let's go to the library").
In some ways, confusion over which expression is more correct, and the emphasis that many immersion schools place on eliminating anglicisms from students' vocabulary, has promoted the use of Franglais.
], Canadian youth culture (especially in British Columbia and southeastern Ontario) purposely uses Franglais for its comical or euphemistic characteristics, for example, in replacing English swear words with French ones.
Some English-speaking Canadians, especially Anglo-Quebecers and those in southeastern Ontario, euphemistically use the Québécois sacres (i.e., religious words such as sacrament as expletives) rather than swearing in English.
